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A concept of capillary active, dynamic insulation integrated with heating, cooling and ventilation, airconditioning system

Mark BOMBERG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第4期页码 431-437 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0071-9

摘要： When a historic fa?ade needs to be preserved or when the seismic considerations favor use of a concrete wall system and fire considerations limit exterior thermal insulation, one needs to use interior thermal insulation systems. Interior thermal insulation systems are less effective than the exterior systems and will not reduce the effect of thermal bridges. Yet they may be successfully used and, in many instances, are recommended as a complement to the exterior insulation. This paper presents one of these cases. It is focused on the most successful applications of capillary active, dynamic interior thermal insulation. This happens when such insulation is integrated with heating, cooling and ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) system. Starting with a pioneering work of the Technical University in Dresden in development of capillary active interior insulations, we propose a next generation, namely, a bio-fiber thermal insulation. When completing the review, this paper proposes a concept of a joint research project to be undertaken by partners from the US (where improvement of indoor climate in exposed coastal areas is needed), China (indoor climate in non-air conditioned concrete buildings is an issue), and Germany (where the bio-fiber technology has been developed).

关键词： capillary active insulation integrated heating cooling and ventilation air conditioning (HVAC) and building enclosure dynamic insulation switchable thermal resistance variable U-value walls

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A modified zone model for estimating equivalent room thermal capacity

Hua CHEN, Xiaolin WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 351-357 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0254-x

摘要： The zone model has been widely applied in control analysis of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to achieve a high building efficiency. This paper proposed a modified zone model which is much simpler in the HVAC system simulation and has the similar accuracy to the complicated simulation model. The proposed model took into consideration the effect of envelop heat reservoir on the room indoor temperature by introducing the thermal admittance of the inner surfaces of the building enclosure. The thermal admittance for the building enclosure was developed based on the building thermal network analytical theory and transfer function method. The efficacy of the proposed model was demonstrated by comparing it with the complicated model — heat balance method (HTB2 program). The predicted results from the proposed model well agreed with those from the complicated simulation. The proposed model can then make the HVAC system dynamic simulation much faster and more acceptable for control design due to its simplicity and efficiency.

关键词： room model thermal network analysis transfer function heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system simulation

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Investigation on regeneration and energy storage characteristics of a solar liquid desiccant air-conditioning

SHI Mingheng, DU Bin, ZHAO Yun

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 85-90 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0008-8

摘要： Solar liquid desiccant air-conditioner is a new air-conditioning system in which liquid desiccant can be regenerated by solar energy and energy can be stored in the form of chemical energy in the liquid desiccant. In this paper regeneration and energy storage characteristics were studied theoretically and experimentally. Two criterion equations for heat and mass transfer in the regeneration process were obtained. The main factors that influence the regeneration process were analyzed. A principal solar liquid desiccant air-conditioning system under energy storage operating mode is proposed.

关键词： desiccant air-conditioning regeneration process air-conditioning system energy regeneration

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Experimental investigation on desiccant air-conditioning system in India

Vijay MITTAL, B. Kant KHAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 161-165 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0070-5

摘要： An experimental investigation in India was presented to evaluate the performance and energy saving capacity of a desiccant air-conditioning system composed of a silica gel bed, a split type air-conditioner (1.0 ton refrigeration) installed in a room with a volume of 86.4 m, air ducts and a blower. The experiment was made in such a way that the percentages of return air, outdoor air and indoor air mixed with the air leaving the desiccant and desiccant bed thickness could be adjusted. Tests were conducted on several days with relatively similar ambient conditions. Under the test conditions in this experiment, a 7cm bed thickness is recommended with a maximum adsorption rate of 403g/h. The optimum percentages of air ratios were as follows: 10% of outdoor air, 10% of return air (mixed together at the desiccant bed inlet) and 80% of indoor air mixed with the dry air leaving the desiccant. The corresponding electricity saving was about 19%. As expected, simple economic analysis indicates that the desiccant air-conditioning is not viable for smaller cooling capacities.

关键词： air ratios ambient conditions desiccant air-conditioning silica gel

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New developments in mobile air conditioning systems in China

Jiangping CHEN, Yu ZHAO, Zhaogang QI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 53-58 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0137-3

摘要： Global warming poses serious global concerns, and the mobile air conditioning (MAC) industry must be promoted to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, the development of the MAC system and components for new energy vehicles, low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, methods to control refrigerant leakage, and new energy-saving technologies in China are introduced.

关键词： global warming potential mobile air conditioning (MAC) energy saving new developments

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Research progress in liquid desiccant air-conditioning devices and systems

Xiaohua LIU, Yi JIANG, Shuanqiang LIU, Xiaoyang CHEN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 55-65 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0082-1

摘要： The developments on liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems were illustrated and summarized in this paper. In order to obtain a better dehumidification (or humidification) performance, liquid desiccant should be cooled (or heated) rather than air. Two fundamental modules were proposed, including basic spray module with extra heat exchanger and total heat recovery device, which could be combined to set up various kinds of liquid desiccant air processors. The operating principle of heat pump-driven outdoor air processor as well as heat-driven outdoor air processor was analyzed. The COP of the heat pump (or power)-driven outdoor air processor could be as high as 5.0 both in summer and in winter operating conditions. The COP of the hot water-driven processor (65°C–80°C) was 1.19 and 0.93, respectively, using evaporative indoor exhaust air or cooling water to cool the dehumidification process. The liquid desiccant air processor-based temperature and humidity-independent control air-conditioning system could save 20%–30% operating energy compared with the conventional air-conditioning system.

关键词： liquid desiccant heat and mass transfer performance air-conditioning

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Engine-driven hybrid air-conditioning system

Chaokui QIN , Hongmei LU , Xiong LIU , Gerhard SCHMITZ ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 109-116 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0003-3

摘要： A hybrid air-conditioning system that combines an engine-driven chiller with desiccant dehumidification was configured and experimentally tested to provide reliable data for energy consumption and operation cost. The engine performance and the desiccant wheel performance were measured and a numeric model previously set up for dehumidification capacity prediction was validated. For a reference building, the results based upon measured data show that under present electricity/gas price ratio, more than 40% of operation cost can be saved by the hybrid system.

关键词： engine-driven chiller desiccant wheel hybrid air-conditioning system energy consumption

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Experimental investigation on oil-gas separator of air-conditioning systems

Dianbo XIN,Shuliang HUANG,Song YIN,Yuping DENG,Wenqiang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第2期页码 411-416 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0447-9

摘要： The oil-return system plays an important role in the variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems because it ensures the reliable operation of the VRF systems. The oil-gas separator is the most essential component of the oil-return system, and the separation efficiency of the separator directly influences the performance of the VRF systems. Therefore, in this paper, a test rig was built to measure the oil discharge ratio of the compressor and the separation efficiency of the oil-gas separator. A sound velocity transducer was used to measure the oil mass concentration instantaneously, because the sound velocity was changed with the mass ratio of oil to refrigerant. The separation efficiency of the separator could be obtained by comparing the mass fraction of oil to refrigerant before and after the separator was connected to the system.

关键词： variable refrigerant flow system oil-gas separator separation efficiency

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Sliding window games for cooperative building temperature control using a distributed learning method

Zhaohui ZHANG, Ruilong DENG, Tao YUAN, S. Joe QIN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 304-314 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017045

摘要： In practice, an energy consumer often consists of a set of residential or commercial buildings, with individual units that are expected to cooperate to achieve overall optimization under modern electricity operations, such as time-of-use price. Global utility is decomposed to the payoff of each player, and each game is played over a prediction horizon through the design of a series of sliding window games by treating each building as a player. During the games, a distributed learning algorithm based on game theory is proposed such that each building learns to play a part of the global optimum through state transition. The proposed scheme is applied to a case study of three buildings to demonstrate its effectiveness.

关键词： game theory demand response HVAC control multi-building system

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A state-of-the-art review of solar passive building system for heating or cooling purpose

Arun Kumar NANDA,C K PANIGRAHI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 347-354 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0403-0

摘要： The major portion of energy in a building is consumed by heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC). The traditional heating and cooling systems contribute greatly to the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide. Four different ways, i.e., Trombe wall, solar chimney, unglazed transpired solar façade, and solar roof, are adopted for solar heating. Similarly, two major ways, i.e., evaporative cooling and building integrated evaporative cooling are adopted for cooling of the building. Therefore, an attempt has been made in this paper to compile the developments of solar heating and cooling technologies in a building.

关键词： HVAC heating cooling solar heating carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions

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A building-based data capture and data mining technique for air quality assessment

Ni SHENG, U Wa TANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 543-551 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0369-4

摘要： Recently, a building-based air quality model system which can predict air quality in front of individual buildings along both sides of a road has been developed. Using the Macau Peninsula as a case study, this paper shows the advantages of building-based model system in data capture and data mining. Compared with the traditional grid-based model systems with input/output spatial resolutions of 1–2 km, the building-based approach can extract the street configuration and traffic data building by building and therefore, can capture the complex spatial variation of traffic emission, urban geometry, and air pollution. The non-homogeneous distribution of air pollution in the Macau Peninsula was modeled in a high-spatial resolution of 319 receptors·km . The spatial relationship among air quality, traffic flow, and urban geometry in the historic urban area is investigated. The study shows that the building-based approach may open an innovative methodology in data mining of urban spatial data for environmental assessment. The results are particularly useful to urban planners when they need to consider the influences of urban form on street environment.

关键词： traffic air pollution spatial distribution high resolution geographic information system

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参数自寻优模糊控制器在中央空调温度控制系统中的应用

吴爱国,杜春燕,宋晓强

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第11期页码 84-87

摘要：

在中央空调温度控制系统中设计应用了一种参数自寻优模糊控制器。针对中央空调温度控制系统被控对象非线性、大滞后和时变等特点，该模糊控制器在规则可调整模糊控制器基础上引入了加权因子α和比例因子K_u的在线调整优化算法。运行结果表明，这种算法增强了系统的鲁棒性，在不同工作条件下，系统保持了良好的控制品质。

关键词：中央空调系统温度控制模糊控制器参数自寻优

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空调房间的空气品质及其控制研究

邹声华,李强,于梅春,杨景华

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第3期页码 82-86

摘要：

以典型的空调房间为例，分析了新风和回风对室内空气品质的影响。研究表明室内污染源的不断增加是室内空气品质恶化的主要原因，新风的质量直接影响室内空气品质，回风是室内空气的二次污染源。导出了新风和回风对室内空气污染的理论计算公式，通过仿真表明：基于室内空气中典型的有害气体体积分数（以CO₂为代表）的变化来控制新风量，是非常有效的。

关键词：室内空气品质污染物体积分数新风量控制仿真

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A small-scale silica gel-water adsorption system for domestic air conditioning and water heating by the

Y. YU, Q. W. PAN, L. W. WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 328-336 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0623-1

摘要： A small-scale silica gel-water adsorption system with modular adsorber, which utilizes solar energy to achieve the cogeneration of domestic air conditioning and water heating effect, is proposed and investigated in this paper. A heat recovery process between two adsorbers and a mass recovery process between two evaporators are adopted to improve the overall cooling and heating performance. First, the adsorption system is tested under different modes (different mass recovery, heat recovery, and cogeneration time) to determine the optimal operating conditions. Then, the cogeneration performance of domestic cooling and water heating effect is studied at different heat transfer fluid temperatures. The results show that the optimal time for cogeneration, mass recovery, and heat recovery are 600 s, 40 s, and 40 s, respectively. When the inlet temperature of hot water is around 85°C, the largest cooling power and heating power are 8.25 kW and 21.94 kW, respectively. Under the condition of cooling water temperature of 35°C, the obtained maximum COP , COP , and SCP of the system are 0.59, 1.39, and 184.5 W/kg, respectively.

关键词： silica gel-water heat and mass recovery solar energy domestic cooling and heating

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Noise control technology for generator sets in enclosures

ZHANG Nailong, YANG Wentong, FEI Renyuan

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第4期页码 377-384 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0051-0

摘要： Currently, noise pollution is an environmental problem all over the world. The health and life of human beings are affected by loud noise from high power generator sets. To reduce such noise, a sound-attenuated enclosure is widely used for its high performance and convenient usage. By installing equipment in an enclosure, noise is controlled and prevented from radiating. In this paper, noise control techniques for enclosures are presented. Enclosure development trends are predicted.

关键词： equipment generator sound-attenuated enclosure convenient Enclosure development